While vacationing in Abkhazia, Khrushchev was called by. Yanayev quickly had growing doubts about Gorbachev's reform policies and started working with the Gang of Eight against Gorbachev. He was born on February 1 st, 1931 in Butka Village in Yekaterinburg, also known as Sverdlovsk Oblast, to a peasant family. Equipment of the Republic of Singapore Air Force, Pages containing cite templates with deprecated parameters, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, List of heads of state of the Soviet Union, "УÐÐÐ: ÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ Ð ÐÐÐÐСТÐРСТÐРЮСТÐЦÐРСССР", Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives, Heads of State and Government of the Soviet Union (1922â1991), https://military.wikia.org/wiki/List_of_leaders_of_the_Soviet_Union?oldid=5260561, Succeeded to all of Stalin's titles, but was forced to resign most of them, Served as the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Soviet Union (from September 1953) and Chairman of the Council of Ministers from 27 March 1958 to 14 October 1964. During the Soviet era, a significant number of ethnic Russians and Ukrainians migrated to other Soviet republics, and many of them settled there. Yeltsinâs first step into Soviet politics began in 1968 when he joined and became active in the party. Maybe Joseph Stalin? The Soviet Union grew out of the revolution lead by men like Lenin and Stalin to eventually become a world superpower to challenge the United States for world dominance for the second half of the 20th century. [23] Leonid Brezhnev, a close companion of Khrushchev, was elected First Secretary the same day of Khrushchev's removal from power; Alexei Kosygin became the new Premier and Anastas Mikoyan kept his office as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet. By the end of December of 1991, the Soviet Union had completely crumbled, and Gorbachev stepped down and gave Yeltsin complete power over Russia. Stalin led the Soviet Union to victory in World War Two over Germany. Andropov was declared his successor and quickly consolidated power. By 1979 he had become a candidate member of the Politburo and in 1985 he became the leader of the Soviet Union after Chernenko's death. [25] Henry A. Kissinger, the American National Security Advisor, mistakenly believed that Kosygin was the 'Leader of the Soviet Union' and that he was at the helm of 'Soviet foreign policy' because he represented the Soviet Union at the 1967 Glassboro Summit Conference. The men who held de facto power in the Soviet Union. During the 1970s Brezhnev pursued a policy of detente with the West trying to normalize relations but the Soviet's costly decision to invade Afghanistan in 1979 ended the detente policy. Andrew, Christopher; Gordievsky, Oleg (1990). William Taubman discussed the different leaders of the Soviet Union, how each led and impacted the country, as well as how they are viewed today. [6] The post of General Secretary lacked clear guidelines of succession, so after the death or removal of a Soviet leader, the successor usually needed the support of the Politburo, the Central Committee, or another government or party apparatus to both take and stay in power. Here: "... Lenin, Stalin, Malenkov and Khrushchev preferred the post of the premier, while Brezhnev and his successors preferred that of the president." After returning to Moscow from his ambassadorship he rose quickly through the party ranks and became head of the KGB in 1967. [24] The USSR in the post-Khrushchev 1960s was governed by a collective leadership. Following Joseph Stalin's consolidation of power in the 1920s[3] the post of the General Secretary of the of the Communist Party became synonymous with 'Leader of the Soviet Union'[4] because the post controlled both the CPSU and the Soviet Government. Lasted for little more than a year engaged in a race to amass nuclear weapons in space with West... 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