[24] Chatelain immediately commenced fire on U-505 with all available automatic weapons, joined by other ships of the task force as well as the two Wildcats. With the U-boat moving under tow by Guadalcanal, the propellers "windmilled" as they passed through the water, turning the shafts and the drive motors. On Monday, 19 June, U-505 entered Port Royal Bay, Bermuda, after a tow of 1,700 miles (2,740 km). The U-boat War in World War Two (Kriegsmarine, 1939-1945) and World War One (Kaiserliche Marine, 1914-1918) and the Allied efforts to counter the threat. Codebooks and other secret documents were captured from the U-505 which assisted Allied codebreaking operations. [27] To protect the secret, U-505's crewmen, who knew of the U-boat's capture, were isolated from other prisoners of war; the Red Cross were denied access to them. She was launched on 25 May 1941 and commissioned on 26 August with Kapitänleutnant (Kptlt.) U-505's crew was interned at Camp Ruston, near Ruston, Louisiana. As the museum already planned to display a submarine, the acquisition of U-505 seemed ideal. It was during this decisive phase of the war that U-505 was officially commissioned into the German navy on August 26, 1941. The submarine was towed to Bermuda in secret and her crew was interned at a US prisoner of war camp where they were denied access to International Red Cross visits. For leading the boarding party, LTJG Albert David received the Medal of Honor, the only time it was awarded to an Atlantic Fleet sailor in World War II. When U-505 was donated to the Museum, she had been sitting neglected at the Portsmouth Navy Yard for nearly ten years; just about every removable part had been stripped from her interior. She was captured by the U.S. Navy on 4 June 1944. A World War II terror of the Atlantic was about to meet its match. [21] In 1946, Gallery, now a rear admiral, told his brother Father John Gallery about this plan. At his suggestion, Lohr contacted the German manufacturers who had supplied U-505's original components and parts, asking for replacements. The motors acted as electrical generators, and charged U-505's batteries. On 4 June 1944, a hunter-killer group of the United States Navy captured the submarine U-505. In her uniquely unlucky career with the Kriegsmarine, she also had distinction of being the "most heavily damaged U-boat to successfully return to port" in World War II (on her fourth patrol) and the only submarine in which a commanding officer in combat conditions (on her tenth patrol, following six botched patrols). p.m. Instead, a second boarding party from Guadalcanal rigged a towline from the aircraft carrier to the U-boat. [2], Following training exercises with the 4th U-boat Flotilla from 26 August 1941 to 31 January 1942, U-505 was assigned as an operational boat to the 2nd U-boat Flotilla on 1 February. Equipment of the Republic of Singapore Air Force, Articles needing page number citations from April 2014, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2014, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2014, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, National Register of Historic Places in Illinois, Ships on the National Register of Historic Places, Vessels captured by the United States Navy, Naval ships of Germany captured by the United States during World War II, http://ubootwaffe.net/ops/boat.cgi?boat=505, "Historic Naval Ships Association – U505", http://www.uboat.net/boats/patrols/patrol_1078.html, http://www.uboat.net/boats/patrols/patrol_1079.html, http://www.uboat.net/boats/patrols/patrol_1080.html, http://www.uboat.net/boats/patrols/patrol_1081.html, http://www.uboat.net/boats/patrols/patrol_1082.html, http://www.uboat.net/boats/patrols/patrol_1083.html, http://www.uboat.net/boats/patrols/patrol_1084.html, http://www.uboat.net/boats/patrols/patrol_1085.html, http://www.uboat.net/boats/patrols/patrol_1086.html, http://www.uboat.net/boats/patrols/patrol_1087.html, http://www.uboat.net/boats/patrols/patrol_1088.html, http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq91-1.htm, http://books.google.com/books?id=9miCPB0qITwC&pg=PA102, "Periscope Reunited with WWII German U-boat", http://www.navy.mil/search/display.asp?story_id=5714, http://books.google.com/books?id=RETeZp3_0VUC&pg=PA274&lpg=PA274&dq=U-505+Periscope+attack&source=bl&ots=5U1BCYryhT&sig=3qNfxgFymqEthnGrJhZD_8v4L4g&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BdmGT4S_CdSltwff3tHdBw&ved=0CGoQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=U-505%20Periscope%20attack&f=false, http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=2065&ResourceType=Structure, "National Register of Historic Places Registration: U-505 (IXC U-Boat)", http://pdfhost.focus.nps.gov/docs/NHLS/Text/89001231.pdf, http://pdfhost.focus.nps.gov/docs/NHLS/Photos/89001231.pdf, http://books.google.com/books?id=V5kePnb7OAcC, http://web.mst.edu/~rogersda/american&military_history/Capture%20of%20the%20U-505-Rogers.pdf, DNSDATA including a first person account of the capture, True story, soon to be a major motion picture, involving, https://military.wikia.org/wiki/German_submarine_U-505?oldid=5193667, 2 MAN M9V40/46 supercharged 9-cylinder diesel engines, 4,000 hp (3,000 kW), 24,880 nmi (46,080 km) at 10 knots (19 km/h) surfaced, Eight ships sunk for a total of 44,962 gross register tons (GRT), Goebeler, Hans Jacob, with Vanzo, John. [19] Experts have speculated that bad morale and poor command influence demonstrated (and encouraged) by this series of humiliating failures might help explain the crew's later failure to scuttle U-505 properly before abandoning her, although this is disputed by some crew members. "Tombstone of Victory: Tracking the U-505 From German Commerce Raider to American War Memorial, 1944–1954" in. [9][11], After six months in Lorient for repairs, U-505 started her fifth patrol. They also stopped her engines. After sending the wounded watch officer to the supply submarine ("milk cow") U-462, U-505 limped back to Lorient on reduced power, earning the distinction of being the "most heavily damaged U-boat to successfully return to port". "[25] Less than seven minutes after Chatelain's first attack began, the badly damaged U-505 surfaced less than 600 metres (700 yd) away. The first watch officer, Paul Meyer, quickly took command, rode out the rest of the attack and returned the boat to port with minimal damage. She again returned early to Lorient on 2 January 1944, after she rescued thirty-three crew members from the German torpedo boat T-25, sunk on 28 December by British cruisers in the Bay of Biscay.[20]. U-505. U-505's eleventh patrol began on Christmas Day 1943. Those sunk by Allied carrier aircraft represented a small share of the whole, but the influence of escort carriers cannot be diminished. On June 4, 1944, a German submarine was prowling the waters off the West African coast for American and Allied ships. What was life like on the sub? 58 prisoners were taken from U-505, three of them wounded (including Lange); only one of the crew was killed in the action. Torpedoman's Mate Third Class Arthur W. Knispel and Radioman Second Class Stanley E. Wdowiak, the first two to follow David into the submarine, received the Navy Cross. "F-21 and F-211: A Fresh Look into the Secret Room" in Randy C. Bolano and Craig L. Symonds, ed.. [30], U-505 at the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago, Illinois. [12] U-505's next four patrols were all aborted after only a few days at sea, due to equipment failure and sabotage by French dockworkers working for the resistance. [36] Additionally, the story of U-505, including its many patrols and eventual capture, as well as the lives of the men that served her is retold through the memoirs of Hans Goebeler in the book Steel Boat, Iron Hearts: A U-Boat crewman's life aboard U-505. U-505 AND HUNTER-KILLERS IN WORLD WAR 2 More than 750 German submarines were lost to all causes in World War II. October 22, 2018 3 min read. U-505 was a Type IX-C submarine, commissioned at Hamburg on August 26, 1941. "[32], In 1989, U-505 was designated a National Historic Landmark. At 11:09 on 4 June 1944, TG 22.3 made sonar (ASDIC) contact with U-505 at 21°30′N 19°20′W / 21.5°N 19.333°W / 21.5; -19.333 (U-505 action), about 150 miles (241 km) off the coast of Río de Oro. [21], Commander Earl Trosino (Guadalcanal's chief engineer), joined the salvage party. Reliving World War II: German Submarine U-505. World War II veteran and radio communications signalman on the USS Guadalcanal. 5700 S Lake Shore Drive The explosion killed one watch officer and wounded another in the conning tower. Among the guards were members of the U.S. Navy baseball team, composed mostly of minor league professional baseball players who had previously toured combat areas to entertain the troops. USA. Open today U-505 is one of nearly 1,250 U-boats Germany put to sea during World War II. [8], U-505 began her third patrol on 7 June 1942, after leaving her home port of Lorient. [21][22] The U.S. Navy dispatched Task Group 22.3, a "Hunter-Killer" group, commanded by Captain Daniel V. Gallery, USN, to the area. Oct 7, 2016 - German submarine U-505.. It also tore the anti-aircraft gun off its mounting and severely damaged the ship's pressure hull. For 16 days, she circumnavigated the British Isles, and docked at Lorient, in occupied France on 3 February. This action was the first time the U.S. Navy had captured an enemy vessel at sea since the War of 1812. [9], Zschech was replaced as commander by Oblt. Forced to surface by Allied warships, the crew of U-505 abandoned ship. 9:30 On 18 April, U-505 was attacked by an Allied aircraft in the mid-Atlantic but suffered little damage. To maintain the illusion that she had been sunk rather than captured, she was temporarily renamed USS Nemo. Loewe was transferred to shore duty due to ill-health. Providing unique experiences designed to spark scientific inquiry and creativity since 1933. The Task Group was awarded the Presidential Unit Citation. Lange ordered his crew to abandon ship. [21], Believing U-505 to be seriously damaged, Oblt. The United States Navy captured the German submarine U-505 on June 4, 1944 in an action in the Atlantic Ocean about 150 miles off the coast of … Commander Trosino received the Legion of Merit. In 1954, U-505 was donated to the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago, Illinois and is now a museum ship. In … The exhibit is accessible to wheelchairs, Segways and strollers. In 86 days, she traveled down to the west coast of Africa where she sank her first vessels. The U- 505 Submarine is a 35,000-square-foot permanent exhibit that that showcases the story of the German sub’s legendary capture in World War II and explores technology and life aboard the vessel. She left Lorient on 1 July 1943 but returned after only 13 days, after an attack by three British destroyers that had stalked her for over 30 hours. Admiral Gallery proposed a possible solution. [2], She conducted twelve patrols in her career, sinking eight ships totaling 44,962 tons. Courtesy of Naval History and Heritage Command. As the Admiral reported in his autobiography, Eight Bells and All's Well, to his and the museum's surprise, every company supplied the requested parts without charge. She is one of six U-boats that were captured by Allied forces during World War II, and the first warship to be captured by U.S. forces on the high seas since the War of 1812. German submarine U-505. After being recovered, the periscope was given to the museum to be displayed along with the submarine. Axel-Olaf Loewe in command. U-505's keel was laid down on 12 June 1940 by Deutsche Werft in Hamburg, Germany as werk 295. Her codebooks, Enigma machine, and other secret materials found on board helped the Allied codebreakers. The last of the German crew was not returned until 1947.[29]. The aircraft was hit by shrapnel from the bomb's explosion and crashed into the ocean near U-505, killing the crew. Kohnen, David. The German submarine U-505 lies near USS Guadalcanal after being captured by the hunter-killer group. Book the onboard tour ahead of time. U-505's keel was laid down on 12 June 1940 by Deutsche Werft in Hamburg, Germany as werk 295. Some of what was learned was included in postwar diesel submarine designs. In June 1944, the US Navy captured a German submarine off the coast of Africa after her crew failed to scuttle her. But on this day, the U- 505 had just become the hunted. Captain Gallery, who had conceived and executed the operation, received the Navy Distinguished Service Medal. In fact, U-505 was the Typhoid Mary of Admiral Karl Dönitz’s entire U-boat fleet. Task Group 22.3, commanded by Captain Daniel V. Gallery, USN, captured German (Type IXC) U-boat, U-505, on June 4, 1944. We've got 47+ great wallpaper images hand-picked by our users. from During her first patrol, U-505 engaged no enemy vessels and was not attacked. Museum Entry is sold out for Saturday, April 10. Discover rarely seen photographs and artifacts from our Collection and archives. Starting in late May, the task group began searching for U-boats in the area, using high-frequency direction-finding fixes ("Huff-Duff") and air and surface reconnaissance. Securing the U-505 and keeping the capture secret was the key. After ten months in Lorient, U-505 departed for her tenth Atlantic patrol, seeking to break her run of bad luck and bad morale. Chicago, The U-505 was donated to the Chicago Museum of Science and Industry, one of only four German WWII U-boats to survive as museum ships. While the Allies were able to break most Enigma settings by intense cryptanalysis (including heavy use of the electromechanical "bombes"), having the Enigma settings for the U-boats saved a lot of work and time, which could be applied to other keys. Zschech replaced him. The logistics of getting the huge boat across traffic lanes is fascinating. [21] At around this time, one of the aircraft sighted U-505 and fired into the water to mark the position while Chatelain dropped depth charges. The vessel was made water-tight after almost two weeks of repair work. U-505's fourth patrol sent her to the northern coast of South America. 173–76. U-505 is a German Type IXC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.She was captured on 4 June 1944 by United States Navy Task Group 22.3 (TG 22.3). With power from the batteries, U-505's pumps cleared out the water let in by the attempted scuttling, and her air compressors blew out the ballast tanks, bringing her up to full surface trim.[21]. On 6 September 1942, Loewe was relieved by Kptlt. Lange then commanded the boat until her capture on 4 June 1944. For weeks, a U.S. Navy Task Group had tracked a shadowy U-boat. The story of the captured crew of U-505 has been recounted in Gary Moore's book, Playing with the Enemy: A Baseball Prodigy, a World at War, and a Field of Broken Dreams. Optional on-board tours have limited accessibility. The cipher materials captured on U-505 included the special "coordinate" code, the regular and officer Enigma settings for June 1944, the current short weather codebook, the short signal codebook and bigram tables due to come into effect in July and August respectively. U-505 is a German Type IXC submarine built for Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. Despite his quick thinking, Meyer was not rewarded, merely "absolved from all blame" by the Kriegsmarine for the embarrassing incident.
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