eds. Science , … Stampfli GM; Borel GD; Marchant R.; Mosar J. The geology of Lebanon remains poorly studied prior to the Jurassic. Southwestern and southeastern Ciscaucasia lie on the margins of a vast downfold in the Earth’s surface that arose later in the Alpine orogeny, producing, concurrently, broad subsidence on the lower courses of…, …the structural upheavals of the Hercynian orogeny (about 250 million years ago). This mountain-building phase started in the later Mesozoic era. The Alpine Orogeny is the result of the convergence and collision of Africa with Europe, closing the western part of the Tethys Ocean during the Tertiary Sub-Era (c. 65 to 2 Ma). The position of the landmass that would become the eastern United States and northern Europe remained equatorial, while the China and Siberia cratons continued to reside at high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere. The Alpine orogeny also led to more distant and smaller geological features such as the chalk hills in southern England and northern France (the 'Weald–Artois Anticline'). The plate consisted of what are now known as Turkey, Iran, Tibet and western Southeast Asia. Moores, E.M., Fairbridge, R.W. Geologie der Alpen (in German). Geologie der Alpen (in German). The remains of this can be seen in the chalk ridges of the North and South Downs in southern England. The remains of this can be seen in the chalk ridges of the North and South Downs in southern England. Locally the details of the nature of the orogeny varies depending on the segment and the geological period considered. That was when Pangaea formed as Gondwana and the Old Red Sandstone continent collided in the middle to late Palaeozoic. …Gondwana became fused by the Appalachian-Hercynian orogeny (mountain-building event), which continued into the Permian Period. These are the mountain ranges of the Alpide belt. The Western Carpathians are an arc-shaped mountain range, the northern branch of the Alpine-Himalayan fold and thrust system called the Alpide belt, which evolved during the Alpine orogeny. Tectonic structures are clearly recognized in the morphology. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Alpine species diversified faster during periods of orogeny and intensification of the Asian monsoon, and the Hengduan Mountains—the most species-rich area in this region—played a key biogeographic role as the location of the earliest pulse of alpine diversification in the Oligocene. That was when Pangaea formed as Gondwana and the Old Red Sandstone continent collided in the middle to late Palaeozoic. Throughout its geologic history, Wyoming has been uplifted several times during the formation of the Rocky Mountains, which produced complicated faulting that traps hydrocarbons. In the watershed region lies…. 2009. Alpine orogeny, mountain-building event that affected a broad segment of southern Europe and the Mediterranean region during the Paleogene and Neogene periods (65.5 million to 2.6 million years ago). This is a list of articles related to plate tectonics and tectonic plates. The igneous and metamorphic crystalline basement rock is poorly understood except through deep boreholes and does not outcrop at the surface. The orogeny continued well into the Cretaceous and Early Cenozoic. Tectonic movements allowed for halokinesis to occur with more uplift in the Mesozoic followed by a major phase of inversion occurred in the Cenozoic affecting many basins in northwestern Europe. The second was the Variscan orogeny. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. These are the mountain ranges of the Alpide belt. It is the second most seismically active region in the world, after the circum-Pacific belt, with 17% of the world's largest earthquakes. It includes, from west to east, the major ranges of the Atlas Mountains, the Alps, the Caucasus Mountains, Alborz, Hindu Kush, Karakoram, and the majestic Himalayas. The exact duration and ages of beginning and end of the orogeny are in dispute. This happened at the end of the Mesozoic era, and is slowly continuing today. [3] Stresses arising from the Alpine orogeny caused the Cenozoic uplift of the Sudetes mountain range [4] and possibly faulted rocks as far away as Öland in southern Sweden during the Paleocene. [1] It happened as the two large continents Africa and India (plus a smaller plates) moved north and collided with Eurasia. The process continues currently in some of the Alpide mountain ranges. The geology of the North Sea describes the geological features such as channels, trenches, and ridges today and the geological history, plate tectonics, and geological events that created them. 2002. So this slow collision sqeezed the Eurasian plates, and caused mountains to build from the western edge far into Asia. Alpine folding resulted in new mountains, the most marked upheaval being that of the Nether-Polar Urals. [5]. Stampfli GM; Borel GD; Marchant R.; Mosar J. The Alpide belt or Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt is a seismic belt and orogenic belt that includes an array of mountain ranges extending for more than 15,000 km along the southern margin of Eurasia, stretching from Java and Sumatra, through the Indochinese Peninsula, the Himalayas and Transhimalayas, the mountains of Iran, Caucasus, Anatolia, the Mediterranean, and out into the Atlantic. The Alpine orogeny was the last of the three major phases of orogeny in Europe that made its geology. The Alpine orogeny or Alpide orogeny is an orogenic phase in the Late Mesozoic [1] (Eoalpine) and the current Cenozoic that has formed the mountain ranges of the Alpide belt.These mountains include (from west to east) the Atlas, … It extends from the Queen Elizabeth Islands through Peary Land and along the east coast of Greenland. https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alpine_orogeny&oldid=6534143, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.
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