Arkansas State University joined the University of Arkansas in FBS (then known as Division I-A) in 1992 after playing in lower divisions for nearly two decades. There are some residents of the state who live by other religions such as Islam, Judaism, Wicca, Paganism, Hinduism, Buddhism or who claim no religious affiliation. The bloody Battle of Wilson's Creek just across the border in Missouri shocked many Arkansans who thought the war would be a quick and decisive Southern victory. It also brought new development into different parts of the state, including the Ozarks, where some areas were developed as resorts. Contains . [69], After the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas in 1954 that segregation in public schools is unconstitutional, some students worked to integrate schools in the state. Education Week has praised the state, ranking Arkansas in the top 10 of their Quality Counts Education Rankings every year since 2009 while scoring it in the top 5 during 2012 and 2013. [20] The highest point in the state is Mount Magazine in the Ouachita Mountains,[21] which rises to 2,753 feet (839 m) above sea level. White mobs spread throughout the county, killing an estimated 237 blacks before most of the violence was suppressed after October 1. Both are fertile agricultural areas. On May 6, a state convention voted to terminate Arkansas's membership in the Union and join the Confederate States of America.[63]. [111] The most enduring icon of Arkansas's hillbilly reputation is The Arkansas Traveller, a painted depiction of a folk tale from the 1840s. In the latter area, Republicans have been known to get 90 percent or more of the vote, while the rest of the state was more Democratic. Add to favorites. Between both the Great Plains and the Gulf States, Arkansas, receives around 60 days of thunderstorms. Following the purchase, the balanced give-and-take relationship between settlers and Native Americans began to change all along the frontier, including in Arkansas. [56] The "hill country" of northwest Arkansas was unable to grow cotton and relied on a cash-scarce, subsistence farming economy.[57]. It appealed to a wide variety of classes, becoming almost as popular as Hot Springs. a member of a group of North American Indian peoples who spoke a Siouan language and who ranged from Lake Michigan to the Rocky Mountains, a family of North American Indian languages spoken by the Sioux, of or relating to the Sioux people or their language and culture. [26] The half of the state south of Little Rock is more apt to see ice storms. More than 43,000 Native American living, hunting and tool making sites, many of them Pre-Columbian burial mounds and rock shelters, have been cataloged by the State Archeologist. [145] Through reforms, the state is a leader in requiring curricula designed to prepare students for postsecondary education, rewarding teachers for student achievement, and providing incentives for principals who work in lower-tier schools. Interior Highlands region, the only major mountainous region between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachian Mountains. The state was a Democratic one-party state for decades, until after passage of the federal Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965 to enforce constitutional rights.[67]. Art and history museums display pieces of cultural value for Arkansans and tourists to enjoy. Arkansas's earliest industries were fur trading and agriculture, with development of cotton plantations in the areas near the Mississippi River. The forests of Arkansas and the Ozark mountain region have provided cover for clandestine hate groups. How to say Siouan in English? There are 28 judicial circuits of Circuit Court, with each contains five subdivisions: criminal, civil, probate, domestic relations, and juvenile court. Try choosing a different name, Sorry! Struggling to stay in power, in the 1890s the Democrats in Arkansas followed other Southern states in passing legislation and constitutional amendments that disfranchised blacks and poor whites. Bill Clinton, the 42nd president of the United States, was born in Hope. [61] Plantation agriculture set the state and region behind the nation for decades. [76] Following statehood in 1836, the population doubled each decade until the 1870 Census conducted following the Civil War. 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