[83] The New York Times reported that Japanese Prime Minister Taro Aso, on 28 October 2008, stated in a parliamentary session that Kim had been hospitalized: "His condition is not so good. In contrast, Kim Jong-il demanded absolute obedience and agreement from his ministers and party officials with no advice or compromise, and he viewed any slight deviation from his thinking as a sign of disloyalty. [17][18] This is contested by foreign academics, who believe he is more likely to have received his early education in the People's Republic of China as a precaution to ensure his safety during the Korean War. Early Life . One of the goals of this group was to improve North Korea’s economy. His father Kim Il-Sung handpicked her to marry his son. [120], He had a younger sister, Kim Kyong-hui. [20], Kim is also said to have received English language education in Malta in the early 1970s[21][22] on his infrequent holidays there as a guest of Prime Minister Dom Mintoff. [84] The Dong-a Ilbo newspaper reported "a serious problem" with Kim's health. 1941. [66] The song "No Motherland Without You", sung by the KPA State Merited Choir, was created especially for Kim in 1992 and is frequently broadcast on the radio and from loudspeakers on the streets of Pyongyang. Throughout the early 1990’s, before he was the Supreme Leader, North Korea began focusing on isolationism. She was handpicked by his father and married to him in 1966. 2. [13][14] Reports indicate that his mother died in childbirth in 1949. National defense is the sacred duty of the young and all other people. Prior to this, Kim Jong-il had no military experience. [24], By the time of the Sixth Party Congress in October 1980, Kim's control of the Party operation was complete. If he is to become a revolutionary with an indomitable fighting spirit, he must be tempered in the arduous struggle from his youth. Publicity Listings However, he was not extremely involved in politics until after he graduated from University, in 1964. He died on December 17, 2011 in P'yongyang, North Korea. When he was made a member of the Seventh Supreme People's Assembly in February 1982, international observers deemed him the heir apparent of North Korea. The following year witnessed a total of more than 600 events of diverse forms in at least 130 countries and regions. Since 1988, Kim Pyong-il has served in a series of North Korean embassies in Europe and was the North Korean ambassador to Poland. [109], There were speculations that the visits of Kim abroad in 2010 and 2011 were a sign of his improving health and a possible slowdown in succession might follow. South Korea's military was immediately put on alert after the announcement and its National Security Council convened for an emergency meeting, out of concern that political jockeying in North Korea could destabilise the region. [48], In the wake of the devastation of the 1990s, the government began formally approving some activity of small-scale bartering and trade. Kim Jong Il: The official biography. His two known daughters are Kim Sul-song and Kim Yo-jong.[2][112]. As observed by Daniel Sneider, associate director for research at the Stanford University Asia–Pacific Research Center, this flirtation with capitalism was "fairly limited, but – especially compared to the past – there are now remarkable markets that create the semblance of a free market system". [133] His former chef Kenji Fujimoto, however, has stated that Kim sometimes sent him around the world to purchase a variety of foreign delicacies. As the saying goes, early training means more than late earning. [49], In 2002, Kim declared that "money should be capable of measuring the worth of all commodities. [2][118], After Ko's death, Kim lived with Kim Ok, his third mistress, who had served as his personal secretary since the 1980s. [58] In 2010, the North Korean media reported that Kim's distinctive clothing had set worldwide fashion trends. [74], A former CIA official said earlier reports of a health crisis were likely accurate. One of the major issues related to the isolationism was that a mass famine occurred in the country. Kim Jong-Un, North Korean political official who succeeded his father, Kim Jong Il, as leader of North Korea in 2011.
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